Versatile Sample-Size Calculation using Simulation
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Simulation as a practical and versatile tool for sample size calculation
Background The ethical significance of sample size is enshrined in principles of Good Clinical Practice and in quality standards for reporting trial results, yet sample size is often one of the most ill-considered aspects of a grant application. Researchers are also battling with an increasing complexity in study design. With some adaptive trial designs, for example, analytical solutions to sam...
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In the clinical trial designing stage, trial statisticians need to provide a reference sample size for conducting the trial. In general, this task could be completed by forming the main research question into a statistical procedure and then implementing the published formulae or software, such as n-query and STATA, to make the calculation. When more complex statistical procedures are involved ...
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In most areas in life, it is difficult to work with populations and hence researchers work with samples. The calculation of the sample size needed depends on the data type and distribution. Elements include consideration of the alpha error, beta error, clinically meaningful difference, and the variability or standard deviation. The final number arrived at should be increased to include a safety...
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Addressing a sample size is a practical issue that has to be solved during planning and designing stage of the study. The aim of any clinical research is to detect the actual difference between two groups (power) and to provide an estimate of the difference with a reasonable accuracy (precision). Hence, researchers should do a priori estimate of sample size well ahead, before conducting the stu...
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optimum sample size is an essential component of any research. the main purpose of the sample size calculation is to determine the enough number of units needed to detect the unknown clinical parameters or the treatment effects or the association after data gathering. it is not uncommon for studies to be underpowered and failing to detect the existed treatment effects due to inadequate sample s...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1536-867X,1536-8734
DOI: 10.1177/1536867x1301300103